The city of Vilseck is situated in the northern part of the Landkreis Amberg-Sulzbach (County of Amberg-Sulzbach), belongs to region IV Oberpfalz Nord (upper palatinate north) and is classified as Unterzentrum (regional center) in the program for development of Bavaria.

To get access to the Autobahn A-93 Regensburg-Weiden go east on Staatsstraße 2166. To get to Autobahn A-6 Amberg-Nürnberg-Heilbronn go southwest on Staatsstraße 2120 and Bundesstraße 14, to get to Autobahn A-9 München-Nürnberg-Berlin go northwest on Staatsstraße 2166 and Bundesstraße B-85. Starting in Sorghof, Staatsstraße 2120 leads in southeastern direction to Kreuzberg and towards Hahnbach and Amberg. Staatsstraße 2123, (coming from Sorghof) transits through Vilseck and Axtheid towards Hirschau. The villages Gressenwöhr, Axtheid-Berg, Schlicht and Schönlind are located on Kreisstraße 5.

The Bahnhof Vilseck, (railway station) is located directly on the DB (Deutsche Bundesbahn) main line Weiden-Nürnberg. The "Pendolino" train is taking you every hour to the greater Nürnberg area. Since June 1st, 1997 Vilseck is part of the Verkehrsverbund Großraum Nürnberg (VGN), a joint organization for lower tariffs.

Information about bus transfer and schedules you can find at Verkehrsgemeinschaft Amberg-Sulzbach (VAS), the joint traffic organization for county Amberg-Sulzbach.